Doctor-Reviewed Educational Library

Clinical Peptide Monographs & Regulatory Directory

Comprehensive, evidence-based monographs covering biochemical mechanisms, Phase 3 human clinical trials, FDA statutory status, and pharmacological safety profiles.

Semaglutide

(Ozempic, Wegovy)
FDA Approved
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Semaglutide is a long-acting synthetic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist engineered with an Aib8 substitution to resist DPP-4...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

Tirzepatide

(Mounjaro, Zepbound)
FDA Approved
Dual GIP / GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Tirzepatide is a synthetic 39-amino-acid unimolecular dual agonist engineered to activate both the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypept...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

Retatrutide

(LY3437943 (Investigational))
Phase 3 Trials
Triple Agonist (GLP-1 / GIP / Glucagon)

Retatrutide (LY3437943) is an investigational single peptide with triple agonist activity at the GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon (GCGR) receptors. ...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

BPC-157

(Body Protection Compound-157, PL 14736)
503A Restricted
Synthetic Gastric Pentadecapeptide

BPC-157 is a 15-amino-acid synthetic sequence derived from a naturally occurring protective peptide isolated from human gastric juice. In pr...

Dr. Aris ThorneRead Monograph

TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment)

(Synthetic Thymosin Beta-4, Ac-LKKTETQ)
503A Restricted
Actin-Sequestering Regenerative Peptide

TB-500 is a synthetic fragment containing the actin-binding heptapeptide sequence (Ac-LKKTETQ) of Thymosin Beta-4 ($Teta4$), a 43-amino-aci...

Dr. Aris ThorneRead Monograph

CJC-1295

(Mod GRF 1-29, DAC:GRF)
503A Restricted
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) Analog

CJC-1295 is a synthetic 29-amino-acid analog of human GHRH (1-29) with four substituted amino acids that resist dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

Ipamorelin

(NNC 26-0161)
503A Restricted
Selective Growth Hormone Secretagogue (GHRP)

Ipamorelin is a synthetic pentapeptide (Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2) that acts as a selective agonist at the ghrelin/growth hormone secret...

Dr. Aris ThorneRead Monograph

GHK-Cu

(Copper Tripeptide-1, Gly-His-Lys Copper)
503A Restricted
Extracellular Matrix / Copper Chelate Tripeptide

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring tripeptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) chelated with copper (Cu2+). Discovered in human plasma in 1973 by D...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

Melanotan II

(MT-2, Melanocortin Agonist)
503A Restricted
Non-Selective Melanocortin Receptor Agonist

Melanotan II is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone ($alpha$-MSH). It acts as a potent non-select...

Dr. Aris ThorneRead Monograph
FDA Approved
Melanocortin Receptor Agonist (MC1R / MC4R)

Bremelanotide (PT-141) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide and active metabolite of Melanotan II that selectively activates central melanocor...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

Tesamorelin

(Egrifta, Egrifta SV)
FDA Approved
Stabilized GHRH Analog

Tesamorelin is a synthetic 44-amino-acid peptide consisting of the complete human GHRH sequence attached to a trans-3-hexenoyl fatty acid mo...

Dr. Sarah LinRead Monograph

MOTS-c

(Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c)
503A Restricted
Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide (MDP)

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA genome. It functions as an endocrine-like mitochondrial...

Dr. Aris ThorneRead Monograph
Educational & Research Scope: All monographs are developed under our Medical Review Policy and cross-referenced with FDA dockets and PubMed literature. Not intended as prescribing guidance.